Hula Valley, Middle East: Low Turbidity With Almost No Alum

Home 9 Case Studies and Results 9 Hula Valley, Middle East: Low Turbidity With Almost No Alum
Key results
0 alum through winter
Low turbidity all year
Brief 2 ppm alum at peaks

Alum flocculant reduction in drinking water filtration

Alum flocculant reduction was the goal at the Hula Valley drinking water facility, which treats water from the River Dan for communities across the Hula Valley in Middle East. Water passes an initial 50-micron filter, eight rapid sand filters and disinfection. Fine suspended particles are hard to catch by sand filtration alone, inlet turbidity swings with the seasons and reached 10–12 NTU in spring, and alum in the backwash water was an environmental concern. One HydroFLOW® Custom 8” was installed about 6 m before the first sand filter. Filtered-water turbidity stayed low all year, no alum was used through winter and very little was needed in summer.

The Challenge

  • Alum flocculant reduction was needed while keeping finished-water turbidity low
  • Fine particles were difficult to capture by filtration alone
  • Spring inlet turbidity reached 10–12 NTU
  • Alum in backwash water created an environmental concern


The Solution

  • Unit installed: one HydroFLOW® Custom 8”
  • Installation point: after the 50-micron filter, about 6 m before the first sand filter
  • Filtration system: eight rapid sand filters, with a static mixer added after the unit
  • Water source: River Dan
  • Monitoring: inlet and outlet turbidity through 2007

The aim was alum flocculant reduction without letting turbidity rise, so the unit went on the line between the 50-micron filter and the sand filters, about 6 m ahead of the first filter, with a static mixer downstream to support flocculation. Inlet and outlet turbidity were then tracked through winter, the spring peaks and summer.

Key Outcomes

R

Low turbidity all year

R

Spring peaks handled

R

0 alum in winter

R

Very little summer alum

Independent Verification

All results in this study were measured and verified by third-party facilities managers and technical staff.

Summary

HydroFLOW® kept filtered-water turbidity low at Hula Valley through a full year of changing River Dan water. No alum was used in winter, very little was needed in summer, and the spring peaks of 10–12 NTU were handled with brief 2 ppm doses. For a drinking water plant, the useful point is that turbidity stayed low while far less alum went into the process, and so into the backwash water.

Ready to see more?

Ready to explore sustainable water treatment?

Get in touch to find out how HydroFLOW® can work for you.

© 2026 Hydropath Technology Ltd. All rights reserved